Resumo

VAZQUEZ MARTINEZ, Francisco Domingo. The evolution of educational theory and training of medical specialists. Investigación educ. médica [online]. 2016, vol.5, n.18, pp.121-127. ISSN 2007-5057.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riem.2015.10.003.

The collaboration between the health sector and the education sector is critical for the training of medical specialists. The evolution of educational theory is used to describe the type of collaboration between these sectors. This theory suggests that in the history of education, the artisanal model predominated first, followed later by the school model, which displaced the previous model. In the artisanal model, educational process and labour process are confused and are, practically, the one and the same, whereas in the school model the educational facts gain independence and autonomy of the labour process and labour market. Currently, in Mexico and from the perspective used, training of medical specialists is developed in accordance with the artisanal model. The educational process is confused with labour activities and delivery of health services activities, and students and teachers are, first of all, workers. This situation deals with the educational demands of labour and increases the demands on students and teachers of the educational programs of medical specialties. The objective manifestation of the situation in question is observed, among other aspects, in the overwork and professional burnout of medical residents. In this context, excellent education for physicians specialists is consistently difficult to achieve for an optimal quality of care for the population. A proposal is made to separate the educational process from the labour process, without losing sight of the importance of teaching-health care link, guaranteeing academic interests and optimal training of medical specialists.

Palavras-chave : Resident physicians; Postgraduate medical education; Medical labour market.