Introduction:

Spontaneous splenic rupture from tuberculosis (TB) is a very unusual presentation within the wide range of presentations of this infectious disease.

Clinical case:

A 40-year-old male with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus, begins with fever and pain in the left hypochondrium. A computed tomography scan was performed, showing probable splenic abscesses; suddenly, it begins with hemodynamic deterioration, exacerbation of pain, a surgical exploration was performed, showing spontaneous splenic rupture. Microscopic study of the spleen shows the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Conclusions:

This is yet another presentation of TB, which can become a surgical emergency.