Introduction and objective:

Primary gastric lymphoma accounts for 5% of all gastric neoplasia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is frequently the diagnostic method of choice, although no pathognomonic lesions have been described since it may manifest as superficial alterations of the mucosa, protrusion, diffuse infiltration, ulceration, thickened gastric folds, and even as apparently normal mucosa. The objective of this study is to evaluate a series of cases of primary gastric lymphoma in order to describe and report the most frequent endoscopic characteristics, morphology and localization, of this pathology.

Material and methods:

We searched for all the primary gastric lymphoma cases in the Anatomic Pathology database at our hospital from January 2015 to January 2020. The endoscopic characteristics of the patients diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy were analyzed.

Results:

We analyzed 13 cases of primary gastric lymphoma. Thickened gastric folds were observed in all patients and none had apparently normal mucosa. Eight patients (61.54%) presented ulcers, 6 (46.15%) superficial mucosal alterations, 3 (23.08%) elevated lesions, and 2 (15.38%) pseudopolyps. Thirteen cases (100%) were located in the body of the stomach, 7 (53.85%) in the cardias and fundus, 3 (23.08%) in the antrum, 11 (84.62%) were extended lesions, and 2 (15.38%) were focal lesions.

Conclusions:

The diagnosis of primary gastric lymphoma is usually performed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy, resulting crucial to recognize and describe its endoscopic characteristics. In our case series the most frequently associated endoscopic characteristics to primary gastric lymphoma were the presence of thickened gastric folds and the involvement of the gastric body.