Introduction:

The SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) pandemic has become a milestone in the modern history of mankind, severe pneumonia that causes high levels of IL-6 which stimulates the hypothalamus For antidiuretic hormone secretion and condition hyponatremia (serum Na + < 135 mEq/L), this occurs in 29% of patients diagnosed with pneumonia and is considered a marker of inflammation, severity and prognosis.

Material and methods:

Ambispective, descriptive, analytical cohort study that included patients with a diagnosis of severe pneumonia due to SARS-CoV-2; they were classified into two groups: group 1 (G1) without hyponatremia and group 2 (G2) with hyponatremia, an association was identified between lung injury.

Results:

53 patients were included, G1 included 37 (69.8%) and G2 16 (30.2%) patients, the mean sodium (Na+) was 139.86 ± 3.55 and 130 ± 3.29 for G1 and G2 respectively (p = 0.001). Of the pulmonary variables, PaO2/FiO2 was 85.73 ± 29.93 and 114 ± 57.37 mmHg, static compliance of 34.67 ± 8.99 and 31.87 ± 10.89 cmH2O, for G1 and G2 respectively. Mortality in G1 was 42% and 75% in G2 with OR Sodium-Mortality 3.93 (95% CI 1.06-14.52), p = 0.03.

Conclusion:

Lower serum Na + concentrations are associated with greater severity and worse outcomes in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Making the measurement of serum sodium a feasible quantification resource to associate it with the severity of lung injury due to SARS-CoV-2 and to identify patients with a higher risk of complications and death.