Background:

Autologous arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis are the preferred vascular access in the population with chronic kidney disease in renal replacement therapy because they present fewer complications and greater patency.

Objective:

To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics that determine the maturation prognosis of an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis.

Method:

A retrospective, observational study was carried out from January 1 to December 31, 2021.

Results:

70.77% of the patients had a vein with a diameter of 2.5 mm and an artery with a diameter ≥ 2 mm in 83.07%. The maturation was observed in 63.07%; in 5% the presence of peripheral arterial disease, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension was evident. 100% of the patients already had a hemodialysis catheter.

Conclusions:

Elderly patients with peripheral arterial disease, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, in addition to chronic use of a hemodialysis catheter, are less likely to achieve adequate maturation of the arteriovenous fistula.