Resumo

ESCALANTE GONZALBO, Fernando. A Landscape before the Battle: Notes on the Context of Mexico's War on Drugs. Rev. mex. cienc. polít. soc [online]. 2013, vol.58, n.218, pp.73-104. ISSN 0185-1918.

Mexico's security crisis and Felipe Calderón's (2006-2012) security strategy had its roots in drug trafficking, the prohibition of drugs, contraband and the border shared with the United States. Standard accounts of the violence experienced in the country, which reduce it to confrontations between drug cartels, are of little use. This article presents part of the context in which the security crisis developed, putting it in a historical perspective, and attempting to take a step towards a more nuanced interpretation. It holds that drug trafficking between Mexico and the United States is a complex, many-sided reality which admits dense symbolic elaboration. Apart from the very concrete shipping of drugs, drug trafficking is part of Mexico's relation with the United States, a register that imbues the asymmetry between both countries with meaning, a space of political negotiation and a resource of American global diplomacy which is crystallized in a clandestine foreign policy system. Furthermore, through the demystification of the imagery that envelopes organized crime, corruption and contraband are examined, conceiving these two as phenomena that are integrated organically into borderland society.

Palavras-chave : drug trafficking; border; violence; security crisis; war on drugs; organized crime.