Resumo

MEZA-LOZANO, Brenda et al. Implementation and evaluation of a risks communication program due to fluoride exposure in the community of El Fuerte, Santa Maria del Rio, Sal Luis Potosi, Mexico. Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient [online]. 2016, vol.32, n.1, pp.87-100. ISSN 0188-4999.

In the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico in 2004 water samples were taken in 157 communities, in 28.5 % of them elevated levels of Fluoride (F) exceeding the maximum threshold were found. Consequently, the state government installed water purification plants in some communities with high levels of F. The first plant that became operational was located in El Fuerte. However, we considered our responsibility as researchers to inform the community about the problem. Hence, the aims of this study were to design, implement and evaluate a Risk Communication Program (RCP) as an intervention strategy to reduce F exposure in drinking water (2.91 mg/L). An assessment of risk perception, knowledge related to water pollution and habits of water consumption was conducted in 175 children and 68 parents. Additionally, in 41 children urine F levels (UFL) were measured. Based on the diagnosis, a RCP was designed, implemented and evaluated. After the intervention it was found that most participants had integrated knowledge, perceived F as a risk and used purified water for cooking and drinking. Furthermore, UFL had decreased in 21 children (51 %). Nevertheless, in 35 children (85.36 %) UFL were still above acceptable levels, implying a health risk. These findings may be due to the improper maintenance of the treatment plant and the lack of resources for the residents to purchase commercially purified water.

Palavras-chave : health communication; environmental exposure; fluoride; water pollutants.