Resumo

BAUTISTA, J. Antonio; ANTONIO-JOSE, A. Anahit  e  LEON-NUNEZ, M. José. Socioeconomic and environmental effects of overproduction of maguey mezcalero in the mezcal region of Oaxaca, México. agric. soc. desarro [online]. 2017, vol.14, n.4, pp.635-655. ISSN 1870-5472.

The objective was to analyze the socioeconomic and environmental effects generated by the overproduction of maguey mezcalero (Agave angustifolia Haw) in the Mezcal Region of Oaxaca from the expansion of its cultivation and demand in the production, consumption and global commercialization of tequila. With the approach of multifunctionality of agriculture and transformation of agrarian systems, the maguey agricultural systems were approached as study cases in the communities of Matatlán and El Camarón during the period of 2009 to 2014. A simple random sample of 20 % of the community registries of producing peasants was obtained: surveys and semi-structured surveys were applied to obtain information, in addition to field visits and direct observation; the study was descriptive and analytical. The results indicate that there is a decrease and abandonment of the cultivation of maguey mezcalero because of the lack of demand and the lack of knowledge of peasants about other uses, products and byproducts derived from this raw material, the deterioration of soils due to the absence of traditional agricultural practices, and the decrease in income that worsen the poverty of peasant families in the region.

Palavras-chave : indigenous peasants; inulin; agricultural practices; tequila.