Resumo

APARICIO-RENTERIA, Armando; VIVEROS-VIVEROS, Héctor  e  REBOLLEDO-CAMACHO, Virginia. Clonal seed orchards: an alternative for reforestation programs in Veracruz. Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales [online]. 2013, vol.4, n.20, pp.90-97. ISSN 2007-1132.

In Mexico, there is interest in developing forest tree improvement (FTI) programs with native species of forestry importance. Graft propagation allows the obtainment of clones with identical genetic characteristics to the selected stock plant. Seed orchards are a strategy of the FTI program to improve the production quality of forest species. The aim of this study was to establish a Pinus patula clonal seed orchard (CSO) at the Ejido Ingenio El Rosario, municipality Xico, Veracruz to produce quality forest seed. There were a total of 3 000 grafts of 100 trees selected from P. patula by the technique of grafting the lateral bud. A 29 % nursery survival rate of grafts was obtained because the presence of extreme environmental conditions. The CSO was established in September 2012 in an area of 4.725 has, with 873 grafts of 98 clones, according to the experimental design of 18 blocks complete with systematic arrangement. The survival rate was 70 % at 7 months after the establishment of the CSO, leaving 611 grafts of 88 clones. In July 2013, 244 grafts of 43 clones were replanted. Finally, it is advisable to add more grafts each year, of those clones that are underrepresented, in order to increase the genetic diversity in seed production.

Palavras-chave : Plus trees; clonal seed orchard; grafting; Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. et Cham.; seed quality; Veracruz.