Resumo

GONZALEZ OLIVER, Angélica et al. Análisis del DNA mitocondrial antiguo y contemporáneo: un acercamiento a las relaciones genéticas en las poblaciones indígenas de Mesoamérica. Cuicuilco [online]. 2013, vol.20, n.58, pp.153-171. ISSN 0185-1659.

In this study we analyzed the founding mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups A, B, C and D in 108 contemporary Mazahua individuals and 73 Otomi from Estado de Mexico to understand the genetic relationship between these populations, and with other ancient and contemporary Mexican populations. The Mazahua and Otomi inhabit the same localities in Estado de México, speak languages that belong to the Oto-Manguean linguistic family and show cultural and historic similarities. Our results showed that haplogroup B is the most frequent in Mazahua whereas haplogroup A is highest among the Otomi. Haplogroup C exhibit similar frequencies. Otomi population exhibits a low frequency of haplogroup D and includes individuals that do not belong to any of the four mtDNA haplogroups, whereas all Mazahua individuals in our study belong to one of the four mtDNA lineages studied. The Mazahua and Otomi populations from Mexico State are statistically different according the results of the chi square test (p ≤ 0.05). The principal component analysis using the frequencies of four mtDNA haplogroups suggests that Mazahua and Otomi had little or no maternal genetic flow.

Palavras-chave : mitochondrial DNA; founding Amerindian mitochondrial DNA haplogroups; Otomi; Mazahua; Nahua; Mexican populations.