LITERATURA CITADA

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BLAKE, J.; ZAERR J. B.; HEE, S. 1979. Controlled moisture stress to improve cold hardiness and morphology of Douglas-fir seedlings. Forest Science 25(4): 576-582. [ Links ]

BORCHERT, R. 1991. Growth periodicity and dormancy. pp. 221-245. In: Tree Physiology. Raghavendra A. S. (ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, USA. [ Links ]

BROWN, C. L. 1980. Growth and form. pp. 125-167. In: Trees structure and function. Zimmermann M. H.; C. L. Brown (eds.). Springer-Verlag. New York, USA. [ Links ]

BURR, K. E.; WALLNER, S. J.; TINUS, R. W. 1993. Heat tolerance, cold hardiness, and bud dormancy relationships in seedlings of selected conifers. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 118(6): 840-844. [ Links ]

ERIKSSON, G.; EKBERG, I.; DORMLING, I.; MATERN, B. 1978. Inheritance of bud-set and bud-flushing in Picea abies (L.) Karst. Theor. Appl. Genet. 52: 3-19. [ Links ]

FLØSTAD, I. S.; KOHMANN, K. 2004. Influence of nutrient supply on spring frost hardiness and time of bud break in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings. New Forests 27: 1-11. [ Links ]

FUCHIGAMI, L. H.; HOTZE, M.; WEISER, C. J. 1977. The relationship of vegetative maturity to rest development and spring budbreak. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 102(4): 450-452. [ Links ]

HERMAN, R. K. 1967. Seasonal variation in sensitivity of Douglas-fir seedlings to exposure of roots. For. Sci. 13: 140-149. [ Links ]

HOWE, G. T.; BUCCIAGLIA, P. A.; HACKETT, W. P.; FURNIER, G. R.; CORDONNIER-PRAT, M. M.; GARDNER, G. 1998. Evidence that the phytocrome gene family in black cottonwood has one PHYA locus and two PHYB loci but lacks members of PHYC/F and PHYE subfamilies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 15: 160-175. [ Links ]

HOWE, G. T.; DAVIS, J.; JEKNIAE, Z.; CHEN, T. H. H.; FREWEN, B.; BRADSHAW, H. D.; SARUUL, P. 1999. Physiological and genetic approaches to studying endodormancy-related traits in Populus. Hortscience 34: 1174-1184. [ Links ]

HOWE, G. T. ; HACKETT, W. P.; FURNIER, G. R.; KLEVORN, R. E. 1995. Photoperiodic response of a northern and southern ecotype of black cottonwood. Physiol. Plant. 93: 695-708. [ Links ]

INGESTAD, T. 1979. Mineral nutrient requirement of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies seedlings. Physiol. Plant. 45: 373-380. [ Links ]

INGVARSSON, P. K.; GARCÍA, M. V.; HALL, D.; LUQUEZ, V.; JANSSON, S. 2006. Clinal variation in phyB2, a candidate gene for day-length-induced growth cessation and bud set, across a latitudinal gradient in European aspen (Populus tremula). Genetics 172: 1845-1853. [ Links ]

JERMSTAD, K. D.; BASSONI, D. L.; JECH, K. S.; RITCHIE, G. A.; WHEELER, N. C.; NEALE, D. B. 2003. Mapping of quantitative traits Loci controlling adaptive traits in Coastal Douglas fir. III. Quantitative trait loci-environment interactions. Genetics 165: 1489-1506. [ Links ]

KOZLOWSKI, T. T.; PALLARDY, S. G. 1997. Physiology of woody plants. Academic Press. San Diego, California, USA. 411 p. [ Links ]

LANG, G. A.; EARLY, J. D.; ARROYAVE, N. J.; DARNELL, R. L.; MARTIN, G. C.; STUTTE, G. W. 1985. Dormancy: Towards a reduced universal terminology. HortScience 20: 809-812. [ Links ]

LANG, G. A.; EARLY, J. D.; MARTIN, G. C.; DARNELL, R. L. 1987. Endo-, para- and ecodormancy: Physiological terminology and classifications for dormancy research. HortScience 22: 371-377. [ Links ]

LAVENDER, D. P. 1985. Bud dormancy. pp. 7-15. In: Proceedings: Evaluating seedling quality: principles, procedures, and predictive abilities of major test. Duryea M. L. (ed.). Workshop held October 16-18, 1984. Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA. [ Links ]

LAVENDER, D. P.; CHING, K. K.; HERMANN, R. K. 1968. Effect of environment on development of dormancy and growth in Douglasfir seedlings. Bot. Gaz. 129: 70-83. [ Links ]

LAVENDER, D. P.; WAREING, P. F. 1972. The effects of daylength and chilling on the response of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings to root damage and storage. New Phytologist 71: 1055-1067. [ Links ]

MAcDONALD, J. E.; OWENS, J. N. 1993. Bud development in coastal Douglas-fir seedlings under controlled-environment conditions. Can. J. For. Res. 23: 1203-1212. [ Links ]

NIENSTAEDT, H. 1959. The effects of rootstock activity on the success of fall grafting of spruce. J. For. 57: 828-832. [ Links ]

NIENSTAEDT, H. 1966. Dormancy and dormancy release in white spruce. For. Sci. 12(3): 374-384. [ Links ]

OLMESTED, C. E. 1951. Experiments on photoperiodism, dormancy, and leaf age and abscission in sugar maple. Bot. Gaz. 112: 365-393. [ Links ]

OLSEN, J. S.; NIENSTAEDT, H. 1957. Photoperiod and chilling control growth in hemlock. Science 125: 492-494. [ Links ]

OWENS, J. N. ; MOLDER, M. 1973. A study of DNA and mitotic activity in the vegetative apex of Douglas-fir during the annual growth cycle. Can. J. Bot. 51: 1395-1409. [ Links ]

PERRY, T. O. 1971a. Winter season photosynthesis and respiration by twigs and seedlings of deciduous and evergreen trees. For. Sci. 17: 41-43. [ Links ]

PERRY, T. O. 1971b. Dormancy of trees in winter. Science 171: 29-36. [ Links ]

REPO, T. 1992. Seasonal changes of frost hardiness in Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris in Finland. Can. J. For. Res. 22: 1949-1957. [ Links ]

RINNE, P.; HÄNNINEN, H.; KAIKURANTA, P.; JALONEN, J. E.; REPO, T. 1997. Freezing exposure releases bud dormancy in Betula pubescens and B. pendula. Plant, Cell and Environment 20: 1199-1204. [ Links ]

RINNE, P. L. H.; KAIKURANTA, P. M.; VAN DER SCHOOT, C. 2001. The shoot apical meristem restores its symplasmic organization during chilling-induced release from dormancy. The Plant Journal 26: 249-264. [ Links ]

THOMPSON, M. M.; SMITH, D. C.; BURGESS, J. E. 1985. Nondormant mutants in a temperate tree species, Corylus avellana L. Theor. Appl. Genet. 70: 687. [ Links ]

TURNER, J.; MITCHELL, S. J. 2003. The effect of short day treatments on containerized Douglas-fir morphology, physiology and phenology. New Forests 26: 279-295. [ Links ]

VEGIS, A. 1956. Formation of the resting condition in plants. Experientia 12: 94-99. [ Links ]

WAREING, P. F. 1951. Growth studies in woody species. III. Further photoperiodic effects in Pinus sylvestris. Physiol. Plant. 4: 41-56. [ Links ]