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Investigación económica
versión impresa ISSN 0185-1667
Inv. Econ vol.64 no.251 Ciudad de México ene./mar. 2005
Articles
Chilean unremunerated reserve requirement capital controls as a screening mechanism
Controles de capital chilenos al requisito de no renumerada como mecanismo de selección
* Director, Globalization Reform Project, Open Society Institute, Washington, DC, USA <tpalley@osi-dc.org>.
This paper presents a model of Chilean style "speed bump" capital controls that interprets them as a mechanism for screening out volatile investor types. This interpretation is contrasted with a public finance explanation which views speed bumps as a tax on short term capital inflows that raises their relative price. A surprising result is that even though speed bumps raise the cost of capital, they may actually increase the level of inflows. These increased inflows are more stable because they are provided by patient investors. The lesson is that screening out volatile investor types stabilizes the financial environment. Speed bumps benefit both firms and patient investors by reducing the damage done by sudden exit, which increases the demand for and supply of capital.
Este trabajo presenta un modelo sobre los "speed bump" (topes) a los controles de capital de tipo chileno, que los interpreta como un mecanismo para identificar a los inversores volátiles. Esta interpretación es contrastada con la explicación basada en las finanzas públicas, cuyo punto de vista muestra a los topes como un impuesto sobre ingresos de capital a corto plazo que incrementan su precio relativo. Un resultado sorprendente es que aun cuando los topes incrementan el costo del capital, ellos pueden realmente Incrementar los ingresos de capital. Estos ingresos crecientes son más estables porque provienen de los inversionistas pacientes. La lecci6n es que discriminar a los inversores volátiles estabiliza el ambiente financiero. Los topes benefician tanto a las empresas como a los inversionistas pacientes al reducir el daño que podría provenir de salidas repentinas de capital, 10 cual aumenta la demanda y la oferta de capital.
References
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Received: September 2003; Accepted: September 2004