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Agrociencia
versión On-line ISSN 2521-9766versión impresa ISSN 1405-3195
Agrociencia vol.40 no.1 Texcoco ene./feb. 2006
Fitotecnia
Cinética de acumulación y distribución de flavonoides en guayaba (Psidium guajava L.)
1Fisiología Vegetal. Campus Montecillo. Colegio de Postgraduados. 56230. Montecillo, Estado de México. (vadolores16@yahoo.com.mx)
2Botánica. Campus Montecillo. Colegio de Postgraduados. 56230. Montecillo, Estado de México. (msoto@colpos.mx)
3Estadística y Cálculo. Campus Montecillo. Colegio de Postgraduados. 56230. Montecillo, Estado de México.
La finalidad de este trabajo fue identificar tres flavonoles (miricetina, quercetina y kaempferol) y dos flavonas (luteolina y apigenina) en corteza, hoja inmadura, hoja madura, hoja senescente, botón floral, flor y fruto de guayaba (Psidium guajava L.). El botón floral presentó la mayor concentración de quercetina (2036 mg kg-1), seguido por la hoja madura con (1236 mg kg-1). El fruto presentó los cinco compuestos evaluados pero en menor concentración. De este estudio se derivó la evaluación del desarrollo de fruto y de hoja para identificar la etapa fenológica de mayor concentración de flavonoides. Entre los tres estadío de fruto, el primer estadío de botón presentó la mayor concentración (mg kg-1) de miricetina (255.8) quercetina (3604.7), luteolina (229.1), kaempferol (229.1) y apigenina (251.6). Las hojas maduras presentaron mayor concentración en julio: miricetina (208.44) quercetina (2883.08), luteolina (51.22) y kaempferol (97.25) (Tukey, p≤0.05).
Palabra clave: Psidium guajava; corteza; flavonoides; fruto; hoja; yema floral
The objective of this work was to identify three flavonols (myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol) and two flavones (luteolin and apigenin) in bark, immature, mature and senescent leaves, floral buds, flowers and fruits of guava (Psidium guajava L.). Floral bud had the highest concentration of quercetin (2036 mg kg−1), followed by mature leaf (1236 mg kg−1). The five compounds were found in fruit in lower concentrations. The evaluation of fruit and leaf to identify phenological stage with higher flavonoids concentration, was derived from this study. Of the three stages of fruit, the first stage of bud had the highest concentrations of myricetin (255.8 mg kg−1), quercetin (3604.7 mg kg−1), luteolin (229.1 mg kg−1), kaempferol (229.1 mg kg−1) and apigenin (251.6 mg kg−1). In mature leaves, the greatest concentrations were found in July: myricetin (208.44 mg kg−1), quercetin (2883.08 mg kg−1), luteolin (51.22 mg kg−1) and kaempferol (97.25 mg kg−1).
Key words: Psidium guajava; bark; flavonoids; fruit; leaf; floral bud
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Recibido: Septiembre de 2004; Aprobado: Agosto de 2005
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
