Materiales

 

Estudio de adsorción competitiva de cobre y zinc en solución acuosa utilizando Q/PVA/EGDE

 

Competitive adsorption study of copper and zinc in aqueous solution using Q/PVA/EGDE

 

N. Flores-Alamo^{1, 2, 3}, M. J. Solache-Ríos³, R.M. Gómez-Espinosa¹, B. García-Gaitán²*

 

¹ Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química, Paseo Colón y Tollocan S/N., C.P. 50000 Toluca, Estado de México, México.

² Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca, Av. Instituto Tecnológico S/N, C.P. 52140, Metepec, Estado de México, México. * Autora para la correspondencia. E-mail: beatrizggmx@yahoo.com Tel./ Fax +52 7222087224.

³ Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Departamento de Química, CP. 11801 México, D.F., México.

 

Recibido 7 de abril, 2015;
Aceptado 2 de noviembre, 2015.

 

Resumen

En la presente investigación se estudió la capacidad de remoción de cobre y zinc en solución acuosa utilizando un nuevo material a base de quitosano y poli (vinil alcohol), entrecruzado con etilenglicol diglicidil éter. Los espectros de IR mostraron la interacción de los grupos funcionales y los metales, mediante el corrimiento de las bandas correspondientes a los grupos amino e hidroxilo responsables de remover a estos metales mediante la formación de complejos. Los resultados cinéticos para el cobre en solución mono y bicomponente (también zinc) se ajustaron mejor al modelo de pseudo-segundo orden mientras que los de zinc se ajustaron mejor al modelo de pseudo-primer orden. Experimentos de equilibrio en batch permitieron determinar una adsorción máxima de Cu (II) de 297 y 1345 mg/g, en soluciones mono y bicomponente, la presencia de Zn (II) aumento la eficiencia de remoción de Cu (II). Mientras que la máxima adsorción de Zn (II) fue de 508 y 574 mg/g, respectivamente. La energía de adsorción mostró que la fisisorción fue el mecanismo predominante con Zn (II) y que el del Cu (II) se aproxima a quimisorción. El material mostró buena capacidad para la remoción de Cu (II) y Zn (II) en solución acuosa mono y bicomponente.

Palabras clave: quitosano, entrecruzamiento, Langmuir, adsorción competitiva, energía de adsorción.

 

Abstract

In this study, a new material of chitosan and poli(vinyl alcohol) crosslinked with ethylene glycol diglicidyl ether, was used to remove copper and zinc from aqueous solution. FT-IR/ATR spectroscopy analyses for adsorbent showed that the presence of reactive amine and hydroxyl groups may be responsible of heavy metal removal. Pseudo-second and pseudo-first order rate equations could explain respectively the (Cu (II) and Zn (II) kinetic data in single and binary metal solutions. The adsorbent was used in batch experiments to evaluate the adsorption capacity of Cu (II) and Zn (II) ions in single and binary metal solutions. In single and binary solutions the maximum adsorption capacities for Cu (II) ions, obtained experimentally, were 29)7 and 1345 mg/g, respectively. While Zn (II) maximum adsorption were 508 and 574 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption isotherms for binary solutions showed that the presence of Zn (II) increased Cu (II) adsorption, that is, the adsorbent was selective towards Cu (II) rather than Zn (II). The adsorption energy shown that the predominant mechanism on Zn (II) adsorption was physisorption and for Cu (II) its approaches to chemisorption. The material has good ability for Cu (II) and Zn (II) removal from single and binary solution.

Keywords: chitosan, crosslinked, Langmuir, competitive adsorption, adsorption energy.

 

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Agradecimientos

El primer autor agradece el apoyo al Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) por la beca otorgada (No. 34194) para cursar el doctorado en Ciencias Químicas dentro del programa de doctorado de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, incluido en el padrón de Postgrados de Excelencia. Además, los autores agradecen el apoyo al Tecnológico Nacional de México (proyecto 4625.12-P) y al CONACYT (Proyecto 131174Q).

 

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