Images in cardiology
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return: a casual finding in many cases
Drenaje venoso anómalo parcial: un hallazgo muchas veces casual
Raúl Ludeña-Martín-Tesorero1
*
María Martín-Fernández1
Juan Calvo-Blanco2
Rut Álvarez-Velasco1
1Department of Cardiology
2Department of Radiology. Hospital Universitario
Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
Partial anomalous venous drainage (PAVD) is a congenital heart disease, in which part of the pulmonary venous return occurs at the level of the systemic circulation1. It is usually a late diagnosis entity given the absence of symptoms during the pediatric age, occasionally being an incidental finding. Although it can present as a single anomaly, association with aortic coarctation has been described, both isolated and in a syndromic entity such as Turner syndrome2.
Chronic volume overload at the level of the right cavities induces changes at the pulmonary endothelial level, which leads in the long term to the development of pulmonary hypertension and symptoms of the right heart failure. Given the slow progression of the disease, the therapeutic approach is complex, and it is necessary to assess clinical and hemodynamic repercussions, as well as patient preferences. We present the case of a patient who underwent a transthoracic echocardiogram in relation to dizziness triggered by intense exercise, a dilated right ventricle was observed, so it was decided to request a cardiac magnetic resource imaging. In it, PAVD is observed in which the left upper lobe vein drains at the level of the brachiocephalic venous trunk (commonly known innominate vein), with preserved RV function and Qp/Qs 1.4 (Figs. 1 and 2).
The management of this type of defects, according to the literature, is individualized based on the symptoms and severity of the shunt, considering surgical correction in symptomatic patients with significant shunt (Qp/Qs > 2)3,4.
References
1. Humbert M, Kovacs G, Hoeper MM, Badagliacca R, Berger RM, Brida M, et al. 2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension:developed by the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension of the European society of cardiology (ESC) and the European respiratory society (ERS). endorsed by the international society for heart and lung transplantation (ISHLT) and the European reference network on rare respiratory diseases (ERN-LUNG). Eur Heart J. 2022;43:3618-731.
[ Links ]
2. Singhal K, Newton AD, Corbett C, Predina JD. Management of partial anomalous pulmonary venous connections in patients requiring pulmonary resection:a case report and systematic review. J Thorac Dis. 2017;9:5434-9.
[ Links ]
3. El-Kersh K, Homsy E, Daniels CJ, Smith JS. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return:a case series with management approach. Respir Med Case Rep. 2019;27:100833.
[ Links ]
4. Van den Hoven AT, Chelu RG, Duijnhouwer AL, Demulier L, Devos D, Nieman K, et al. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return in Turner syndrome. Eur J Radiol. 2017;95:141-6.
[ Links ]
Copyright: © 2023 Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez.